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Convoys ONS 18/ON 202
ONS 18 and ON 202 were North Atlantic convoys of the ONS/ON series which ran during the battle of the Atlantic in World War II. They were the subject of a major U-boat attack in September 1943, the first battle in the ''Kriegsmarine''s autumn offensive, following the withdrawal from the North Atlantic route after Black May.
==Background==
Following the defeats of May 1943, and the devastating losses incurred by the U-boat Arm (''U-Bootwaffe'', or UBW) Adm Dönitz had withdrawn from attacks on the North Atlantic route while awaiting tactical and technical improvements. Chief among these was the T-5 acoustic torpedo, with which (it was planned) the convoy escorts could be attacked and eliminated, leaving the merchant ships defenceless. By September 1943 these were ready, and U-boat Control (''Befehlshaber der Unterseeboote'', BdU) dispatched
a patrol group of 21 boats, code-named ''Leuthen'', to renew the attack on the North Atlantic route.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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